Botanical Gardens and Grounds Planning and Advisory Committee

Gardens and Grounds Roadmap 2026–2030

The Highlands Biological Station has long been a place where science, education, and natural beauty meet. This Roadmap is our living guide for the next five years: how we care for, enhance, and share the Highlands Botanical Gardens and the grounds around them, with our partners, volunteers, and visitors.

The Highlands Botanical Gardens at Highlands Biological Station

One long-term goal

Every action in the Roadmap serves a single, lofty but achievable goal set by HBS. It puts the Station's research, education, and conservation mission first, and welcomes visitors and the community into it.

Thoughtful stewardship connects people more deeply to the natural world. That belief runs through each of the four domains that follow.

“To ensure that HBS has beautiful, modern gardens and grounds that balance field station functionality in research and education with tourism and community engagement, with priority consideration given for the central research, education, and conservation mission of the biological station, making HBS a world-class destination for field biology research, academics, and public engagement.”

HBS Gardens and Grounds Roadmap 2026–2030
Organizing framework: four domains around one long-term goal, supported by WCU and the HBS Board, HBS leadership and the Committee, and partners Highlands Biological Station Gardens and Grounds PlantCollections C GroundsManagement G HorticulturalManagement H PublicEngagement P Long-term goal HBS is a world-classdestination for fieldbiology, research,academics, and publicengagement Western CarolinaUniversity and HBSBoard of Directors HBS leadership andHBS Gardens andGrounds Planningand AdvisoryCommittee Partners such as Highlands Biological Foundation,researchers, educators, public, and other supporters
Select a domain to jump to its action statements.

How the Roadmap is organized

The long-term goal sits at the center. Around it are the four domains of the Roadmap; every action statement fits into one of them, though many are related. At the corners are the keystone organizations and partners whose collaboration turns the actions into feasible short- and long-term projects.

The action statements, 2026–2030

13 actions the Committee and its partners will take over the next five years, grouped by domain. Open any statement to read the reasoning behind it. Actions flagged as priorities are the focus for fiscal years 2026–27 and 2027–28.

Plant Collections

Goal. The Highlands Botanical Gardens features native plants presented in natural habitat gardens as a resource for research studies and public education. These gardens also serve as ecological preserves of native flora of the Highlands Plateau and the southern Appalachian Mountains. The Highlands Botanical Gardens features numerous native plant demonstration gardens for the education and pleasure of visitors.

C1Continue working on an Excel database for plants in the HBS plant collection.

The HBS Living Collections Policy was approved by the Highlands Biological Station and Board of Directors in March 2020. Work is needed to enter plant records in the database. This work will help inform how to increase the collection of rare/endemic plants needed in the gardens. The ultimate goal is to share plant collections with the public without revealing sensitive and rare plants in the gardens. Examples of ways to share the collection include checklists of categories of plants, plants blooming in different seasons, etc.

Several checklists were developed during the 2021–25 Roadmap period, namely “HBS Trees in the Gardens” and an updated “HBS Bartram Walk” (formerly “Bartram Trail,” a self-guided tour).

C2Create a HBS conservation mission statement, such as a single statement, highlighting HBS priorities, current threats, and potential threat mitigation.

The Highlands Botanical Gardens includes over 30 rare plants. A conservation mission statement will articulate the desired plant conservation role of the HBS.

Grounds Management

Goal. Maintain and enhance the grounds.

G1Help HBS staff prioritize replacement of bridges and handrails to help ensure public safety. (See HBS Campus Appropriate Use Policy, November 2020.)

Evaluate bridges and handrails and any needs to replace or enhance them. The HBS Strategic Priority Action Plan (May 2020) includes: “Continue to enhance trails and signage in the Botanical Garden.”

G2Assist HBS staff in prioritizing needed garden work in response to implementation of new storm water management projects.

The HBS has implemented a number of mitigation steps to redirect storm water that is negatively impacting buildings, walkways, and demonstration gardens. A storm water management plan has been proposed and will be carried out by HBS over time. Preparing for the careful removal, short- or longer-term protection, and replanting of plants will be important as the storm management plans are implemented. This will help prevent the loss of plants and ensure their return to the same garden or to new appropriate locations.

Horticultural Management

Goal. Maintain and enhance the gardens.

H1Assist HBS leadership in identifying additional methods to obtain support for maintaining and enhancing the gardens.

Several HBS Roadmap priority actions require significant funding. The feasibility of achieving these HBS Roadmap priority actions will be enhanced by identifying a broader portfolio of potential fundraisers. This could include the implementation of the HBS Donation Guidelines drafted by the Committee and adopted by the Station in 2023 (e.g., list resource needs and costs on the HBS webpage).

H2Assist HBS in identifying and tracking non-native invasive plants in the gardens and grounds.

An Invasive Plant Management Plan was developed by a garden intern in the summer of 2019. The current horticulturalist kept a journal to record eradication efforts in the gardens. These could be combined to assist the HBS staff and horticulturalist to know what has been done and what are new problem areas (e.g., bladderworts in the lake) and potential means to address them (e.g., introduction of fish with appropriate controls).

H3Review and advise on developing new gardens and enhancing existing gardens to ensure plant health and documentation of new plant additions to the gardens.

Although efforts to select and establish plant species with few reported problems are a key element of a garden design, HBS can anticipate the need to replace specimens from time to time. Those chosen as replacements must be compatible with the site and will hopefully add to the diversity of the plant species on campus.

Public Engagement

Goal. Inspire understanding and appreciation of the rich natural heritage of the Highlands Plateau and southern Appalachian Mountains.

P1Provide advice on the creation of the “South Gateway Garden” next to the Clark Foreman Museum/Nature Center.Priority FY26–28

Improve the visitor experience when entering the gardens at the Clark Foreman Museum (i.e., Nature Center). Design and install a “Discovery” or “Gateway Garden” in the space adjacent to the west side of the Museum to serve as an entry garden and orientation space that is universally accessible and introduces visitors to the HBS and the gardens. This “Exploratorium” could function as an outdoor extension of the Museum.

This space could be an accessible and multi-sensory garden with a sculptural focal point with a model of the Highlands escarpment and an education focal point with interpretive information regarding regional geology, ecology, and biodiversity. This project could also include reestablishing a primary walkway leading to the Woodland Way garden and core (historical) Botanical Gardens entrance.

Funding is needed for construction documents in anticipation of implementation of the plan. The HBS 2021 Roadmap identified this as a top priority near-term project to “enhance the entry corridor leading to the garden from the Nature Center.”

P2Help create interpretation signage for the gardens.

Enhance the educational value of the gardens for visitors. Develop creative ways to integrate education into the gardens. Develop interpretive content for key points throughout the gardens.

P3Assist in generating innovative ways to better engage visitors in animal and plant sciences.

Consider a range of appropriate methods and technologies to reach a diverse audience. The expert panel of botanists who participated in the Highlands Botanical Gardens Forum agreed that “education is the highest and best use for the Highlands Botanical Gardens.”

P4Assist in the recruitment of volunteers to work in the landscaped gardens.

There is an ongoing, dedicated group of Botanical Garden Volunteers who help the HBS maintain and enhance the gardens. This program needs more volunteers and those who can do various physical tasks in the gardens.

P5Create new subcommittees/subgroups or means to help with special events over the next 5 years, with emphasis on the 100-year celebration of the Station and the biennial Native Plant Symposium.

Subcommittees can be among the most important working forces of an organization. They serve as work units of the organization, taking work and breaking it into meaningful and manageable chunks. It will be important to create empowered subcommittees, with specific and clear tasks and goals, moving beyond the Committee to the greater group of Friends of the Station, to realistically assist HBS in carrying out their plans for the 100-year celebration of the Station and the biennial Native Plant Symposiums.

P6Continue to provide advice on workshops, events, and the biennial native plant symposium.

This will include ways to provide enhanced outreach to connect the public with the gardens and further realize their educational value.

From plan to progress

How the actions get done

  1. HBS leadership will utilize HBS staff and traditional funding resources to develop and implement plans to achieve specific actions. HBS has initiated activities for several action statements.

  2. HBS leadership will identify which actions they wish to address through working with the Gardens and Grounds Committee to establish subcommittees or task forces that can make recommendations on necessary next steps, projects, and possible funding avenues.

  3. HBS leadership will work to develop and establish partnerships with like-minded supporters to help move forward or achieve select actions.

How progress is tracked

  1. HBS leadership working with the Gardens and Grounds Committee to establish a system to track progress on project plans and related outcomes. Achievements will be documented and shared.

  2. HBS leadership and the Gardens and Grounds Committee will review the HBS Roadmap priorities and accomplishments annually. Actions can be reprioritized, as necessary.

  3. As HBS and their partners achieve priority actions, the Roadmap will be used to move forward and address other actions that have become more feasible and urgent.

What the 2021–2025 Roadmap accomplished

The prior Roadmap kept the Committee focused on top priorities and gave us a record of the successes of the past five years. Here is where each domain stands as the new Roadmap begins.

A simpler collections database

After several years of unsuccessful attempts to create a living collections database using the purchased BRAHMS software, the Committee agreed that a simpler and less expensive solution was needed. Tara Henderson created an Excel spreadsheet template including a garden location naming scheme. Tara and Paul Manos are working on populating the spreadsheet.

Two rare species expanded

Some Helonias bullata have been moved by Station staff from the large population by the trail to the lakeside bog to a few other locations around the lake. Ken grew Chelone cuthbertii from seeds collected at the Station and planted them in the lakeside bog. Trimming of the woody plants along the boardwalk by Station staff has also allowed previously unknown Chelone cuthbertii to bloom. One Lilium grayi was identified along the boardwalk in 2025 and caged to protect it from deer browse.

A decade of planning, one thread

The 2026–2030 Roadmap builds on a series of collaborative efforts, each one informing the next.

  1. 2015
    Highlands Botanical Gardens Forum

    An expert panel weighs in on the value of the gardens; education is named their highest and best use.

  2. 2018
    Botanical Garden Committee Roadmap

    The first roadmap, focused on the gardens themselves.

  3. 2020
    Three keystone documents

    Living Collections Policy (March), Strategic Priority Action Plan (May), Campus Appropriate Use Policy (November).

  4. 2021
    Gardens and Grounds Roadmap 2021–2025

    Grounds join the gardens; the four-domain framework takes shape.

  5. 2025
    Roadmap Successes report

    Five years of accomplishments recorded and celebrated (September).

  6. 2026
    Gardens and Grounds Roadmap 2026–2030

    Thirteen action statements across four domains, approved by the Executive Director.

The principles and documents that guide it

  • Sixty-three years of shared work

    The leadership of the HBS recognizes that considerable work has been undertaken by HBS staff and a variety of partners over the past 63 years to enhance the gardens and grounds.

  • HBS Strategic Priority Action Plan (May 2020)

    Developed with the HBS Board of Directors, the plan continues to inform the development of the HBS Roadmap action statements and is a key reference document.

  • HBS Living Collections Policy (March 2020)

    A keystone document that will guide the development of HBS policies, programs, and projects with respect to gardens and grounds.

  • HBS Campus Appropriate Use Policy (November 2020)

    The policy and its related map provide guidance on HBS policies, programs, and projects with respect to gardens and grounds.

  • A living document

    HBS recognizes that the HBS Roadmap is a “living document” focused on the next five years.

The Committee

The Botanical Gardens and Grounds Planning and Advisory Committee brings together HBS leadership and staff, Western Carolina University faculty, and community members who care deeply about these gardens. It advises the Station, reports regularly to the Board of Directors, and drafted this Roadmap.

Current members

  • Bryding Adams
  • Lynda Anderson
  • Ken ConoverImmediate Past Chair
  • Dr. James CostaHighlands Biological Station Executive Director
  • Jason LoveHighlands Biological Station Associate Director
  • Leslie ManningHighlands Biological Foundation Executive Director
  • Dr. Paul ManosChair
  • Kathy Mathews
  • Marissa NiedduHighlands Biological Foundation Marketing & Communications Specialist
  • Liz Sargent
  • Jeremy Schewe
  • Dollie Swanson
  • Sarah VickeryHighlands Biological Station Business & Communications Manager
  • Canty WorleyHighlands Biological Station Horticultural Specialist
  • Glenda Zahner

Contributors to the 2026 Roadmap

As listed in the Roadmap dated September 26, 2025.

Committee Chair
Ken Conover
Highlands Biological Station
James Costa, PhD, Executive Director
Jason Love, Associate Director
Canty Worley, Horticultural Specialist
Western Carolina University
Katherine Mathews, PhD, Director of WCU Herbarium, Botanist
Community
Bryding Adams
Lynda Anderson, PhD
Ken Conover
Paul Manos
Glenda Zahner

Questions about the Roadmap

What is the HBS Gardens and Grounds Roadmap?

The Roadmap is the five-year plan (2026–2030) that sets out the actions the Botanical Gardens and Grounds Planning and Advisory Committee and its partners will take to sustain and enhance the Highlands Botanical Gardens and the grounds of the Highlands Biological Station. It is a living document, reviewed annually.

Who is on the Gardens and Grounds Planning and Advisory Committee?

The Committee brings together HBS leadership and staff, Western Carolina University faculty, Highlands Biological Foundation staff, and community members. It is chaired by Dr. Paul Manos, with Ken Conover as immediate past chair. Current members and the contributors to the 2026 Roadmap are listed on this page.

How is progress on the Roadmap tracked?

HBS leadership and the Committee establish a system to track progress on project plans and outcomes, document and share achievements, and review priorities and accomplishments annually. Actions can be reprioritized as needed. Committee reports to the Board of Directors are posted on this page.

How can I support the gardens and grounds?

Volunteer in the landscaped gardens, join a subcommittee for special events such as the Station's centennial and the biennial Native Plant Celebration, or give through the Station's donation guidelines. Contact HBS to learn what is needed right now.

What happened with the prior 2021–2025 Roadmap?

Highlights include a working collections database, expanded populations of rare plants, improved steps and trails, new wayfinding signs and a trail map, water quality monitoring, adopted donation guidelines, and a conceptual design for the South Gateway Entrance Garden. The full list is in the accomplishments section.